Abstract Creating inclusive education requires learning spaces that can adapt to the diverse needs of learners, including children with disabilities, individuals with varied learning styles, and students from diverse cultural backgrounds. Flexible classrooms—designed with adjustable layouts, multipurpose furniture, integrated technology, and guided by Universal Design for Learning (UDL) offer valuable pathways to achieving equity in education. Yet, their development and implementation are often constrained by challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, limited funding, insufficient teacher preparedness, accessibility issues, and prevailing attitudes. At the same time, flexible classrooms open up significant opportunities…
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Inclusive and Equitable Education Practices for Diverse Learners under India’s National Education Policy 2020 By Kavita Sharma
Abstract India’s National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 visualize an education system rooted in Indian spirit that contributes directly to transforming India into an equitable and vibrant knowledge society by providing high-quality education to all. A key pillar of NEP 2020 is inclusive and equitable education that provides the diverse learning needs of all students. This paper examines the provisions in NEP 2020 for inclusive education, the challenges in implementation, and evidence-based practices to attain the vision of equitable learning opportunities for every child. Through a review of existing research and…
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